Video Display Terminals (VDTs)
Many researchers spend 50% or more of their day entering data with their keyboard and mouse resting on a lab bench. Most of these lab benches are too high, and require the researcher to elevate the arms and excessively deviate the wrists while inputting data. Depending upon the location of the mouse, awkward reaches and manipulations of the mouse with bent wrists may occur. Within infectious disease laboratories, the establishment of primary computer workstations for office work is not recommended. The following are recommended for control of ergonomic hazards associated with the use of computers in the lab:
- Install adjustable keyboard platforms under lab benches that accommodate use of the mouse beside the keyboard.
- Where possible, position computer workstations in corners or other areas away from doors, entrances, and passageways.
- Provide fully adjustable seating.
- Place monitors so the user's viewing distance is between 18 and 30".
- Place monitor so the top of the screen is approximately eye level. This allows the eyes to naturally gravitate toward the center of the screen.
- Use a document holder placed adjacent to and in the same plane as the computer screen.
- Provide foot rests, where possible, for individuals in order for them to change leg positions throughout the day.
- Provide for a choice of keyboards and mouse or other input devices for individuals who have existing musculoskeletal problems.
- Encourage mini-breaks of 3 to 5 minutes for every 20 - 30 minutes of keyboarding or mouse work. These breaks can be spent doing mild hand exercises or stretches.
- Laboratory personnel should not go from keyboarding to pipetting activities (or vice versa) without an adequate break (at least 15 minutes) to allow the hands to recover.
VDTs and Vision
The American Academy of Opthalmology describes VDTs as presenting no hazard to vision. VDT exposure does not result in cataracts or any other damage to the eye. According to the National Safety Council, any close work can cause discomfort and stress with time. Occasionally you should:
- Stretch
- Look away from your work
- Get up
- Do other tasks to alter work routines throughout the day
VDTs and Radiation
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), the U.S. Army Environmental Hygiene Agency, and others have measured radiation emitted by VDTs. The tests show that levels for all types of radiation are below those allowed in current standards. In fact, some measurements show radiation levels so low that they cannot be distinguished from general environmental radiation (background radiation).
Currently, OSHA has no reliable information that any birth defects has ever resulted from a pregnant woman working at a video display terminal. However, the possible effects of radiation from VDTs on pregnancies continue to concern employees. Therefore, NIOSH and others are currently conducting major studies to thoroughly investigate any potential problems.
